ꯃꯈꯜ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ
ꯕꯦꯟꯖꯣ ꯀꯦꯠꯐꯤꯁ (Bunocephalus coracoideus)
ꯐꯣꯇꯣ: Kacper Aleksander · CC BY-SA 4.0 Wikimedia Commons ꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗ

ꯕꯦꯟꯖꯣ ꯀꯦꯠꯐꯤꯁ

Bunocephalus coracoideus · Aspredinidae

ꯕꯦꯟꯖꯣ ꯀꯦꯠ ꯍꯥꯏꯅꯁꯨ ꯈꯪꯅꯩ

ꯃꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ

ꯄꯦꯛꯊꯕ, ꯆꯠꯊ-ꯅꯣꯛꯊꯗꯅ ꯂꯩꯕ, ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯟꯗ ꯂꯨꯞꯇꯨꯅ ꯂꯩꯕ, ꯑꯃꯣꯠꯄ ꯄꯣꯠꯆꯦꯏ ꯃꯥꯟꯕ ꯉꯥ; ꯑꯀꯥꯏꯕ ꯄꯤꯗꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯤꯔꯤ-ꯁꯥꯡꯅ ꯍꯤꯡꯕ꯫

ꯑꯄꯤꯛꯄ ꯇꯦꯡꯛ
75 L (20 US gal)
ꯑꯁꯥ-ꯑꯑꯦꯡ
21–28 °C (70–82 °F)
pH
6–7.8
ꯑꯍꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ
12 cm (4.7 in)
ꯀꯥꯡꯕꯨꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ
1+

ꯀꯦꯌꯔ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡ

ꯑꯄꯤꯛꯄ ꯇꯦꯡꯛ ꯚꯣꯂ꯭ꯌꯨꯝ
75 L (20 US gal)
ꯑꯁꯥ-ꯑꯑꯦꯡ
21–28 °C (70–82 °F)
pH
6–7.8
ꯍꯥꯔ꯭ꯗꯅꯦꯁ
2–18 dGH
ꯍꯤꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ
ꯆꯍꯤ 8–12
ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯠ
ꯉꯥꯁꯥ ꯆꯥꯕ — ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯇꥥꯕ ꯄꯦꯂꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯍꯤꯡꯕꯗ frozen bloodworm꯫
ꯀꯦꯌꯔ ꯊꯥꯛ
ꯃꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ

ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯩꯐꯝ

ꯂꯃꯦꯟ ꯂꯃꯗꯝ
ꯑꯦꯃꯦꯖꯣꯟ ꯕꯦꯁꯤꯟ
ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ
ꯑꯊꯨꯝꯕ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ
ꯕꯥꯌꯣꯇꯣꯞ
ꯃꯅꯥ-ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯀꯨꯞꯂꯕ, ꯂꯩꯇꯥꯟ-ꯂꯩꯃꯥꯏ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯇꯨꯔꯦꯜ ꯃꯆꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ
ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ
ꯃꯁꯥ ꯂꯨꯞꯄ ꯌꯥꯕ ꯑꯅꯦꯝꯕ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯟ; ꯃꯉꯥꯜ ꯅꯦꯝꯕ ꯃꯐꯝ꯫

ꯑꯆꯠ-ꯑꯆꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯀꯤꯡ

ꯃꯒꯨꯟ-ꯁꯥꯒꯣꯟ
ꯁꯥꯟꯇꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ
ꯑꯄꯤꯛꯄ ꯀꯥꯡꯕꯨ
ꯉꯥ 1
ꯏꯔꯣꯏꯕ
ꯃꯈꯥ
ꯑꯐꯕ ꯇꯦꯡꯛ ꯃꯔꯨꯞꯁꯤꯡ
ꯇꯦꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯁ
ꯀꯣꯔꯤꯗꯣꯔꯥꯁ
ꯒꯨꯔꯥꯃꯤꯁ
ꯊꯣꯏꯗꯣꯛꯎ
ꯑꯆꯥꯎꯕ ꯀꨨꯨꯔꯛ
ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯆꯥꯕ ꯉꯥꯁꯤꯡ

ꯃꯆꯥ ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯜ ꯊꯣꯛꯍꯟꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯋꯥꯕ

ꯃꯆꯥ ꯄꯣꯛꯍꯟꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯕ
ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕ ꯊꯥꯛ
ꯑꯃꯦꯝ-ꯑꯄꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕ
ꯑꯃꯣꯃꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯄꯥꯛꯏ꯫
ꯅꯣꯠꯁꯤꯡ
ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯇꯥꯡꯅ ꯃꯔꯨꯝ ꯊꯣꯏ; ꯑꯀꯣꯟꯕ ꯃꯐꯝꯗ ꯃꯔꯨꯝ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯏ꯫
ꯇꯣꯏꯅ ꯊꯣꯛꯄ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡ
ꯆꯥꯕ ꯇꯥꯅꯕꯗ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯃꯍꯥꯡꯅꯕ
Ich
ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯇꯦꯡꯛꯇ ꯆꯥꯟꯅꯒꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯁꯥꯏꯟ ꯏꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ AquaLog ꯅ ꯕꯦꯟꯖꯣ ꯀꯦꯠꯐꯤꯁ ꯕꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯕ ꯇꯦꯡꯛ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯒ — ꯚꯣꯂ꯭ꯌꯨꯝ, ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ, ꯑꯁꯥ-ꯑꯑꯦꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ pH — ꯆꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯌꯦꯡꯒꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯇꯥꯞ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇꯗ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯉꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯍꯥꯞꯆꯤꯟꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯡꯛꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯅꯕ ꯁꯥꯏꯟ ꯏꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ

ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯃꯈꯜꯁꯤꯡ