ꯃꯈꯜ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ
Bolivian ram (Mikrogeophagus altispinosus)
ꯐꯣꯇꯣ: Pia Helminen · CC BY 2.5 Wikimedia Commons ꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗ

Bolivian ram

Mikrogeophagus altispinosus · Cichlidae

Butterfly ram, Altispinosa ꯍꯥꯏꯅꯁꯨ ꯈꯪꯅꯩ

ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕ

German blue ram ꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ, ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯀꯅꯕꯥ, ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꞄ꯭ꯄꯥ ꯉꯥ; ꯇꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ tap water ꯗꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯏ꯫

ꯑꯄꯤꯛꯄ ꯇꯦꯡꯛ
110 L (29 US gal)
ꯑꯁꯥ-ꯑꯑꯦꯡ
23–29 °C (73–84 °F)
pH
6–7.8
ꯑꯍꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ
8 cm (3.1 in)
ꯀꯥꯡꯕꯨꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ
2+

ꯀꯦꯌꯔ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡ

ꯑꯄꯤꯛꯄ ꯇꯦꯡꯛ ꯚꯣꯂ꯭ꯌꯨꯝ
110 L (29 US gal)
ꯑꯁꯥ-ꯑꯑꯦꯡ
23–29 °C (73–84 °F)
pH
6–7.8
ꯍꯥꯔ꯭ꯗꯅꯦꯁ
3–15 dGH
ꯍꯤꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ
ꯆꯍꯤ 4–6
ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯠ
ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯁꯦꯡ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ — pellets, ꯑꯉꯨꯡꯕꯥ bloodworm, brine shrimp.
ꯀꯦꯌꯔ ꯊꯥꯛ
ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕ

ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯩꯐꯝ

ꯂꯃꯦꯟ ꯂꯃꯗꯝ
Mamoré basin, Bolivia ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ Brazil
ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ
ꯑꯊꯨꯝꯕ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ
ꯕꯥꯌꯣꯇꯣꯞ
ꯅꯨꯔꯥꯅꯣꯡ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ, ꯇꯨꯔꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟ-ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯒꯤ ꯑꯅꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ
ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ
ꯁꯥꯕꯥ, ꯅꯦꯝꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯌꯥꯏ-ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ, ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯑꯆꯠ-ꯑꯆꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯀꯤꯡ

ꯃꯒꯨꯟ-ꯁꯥꯒꯣꯟ
ꯁꯥꯟꯇꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ
ꯑꯄꯤꯛꯄ ꯀꯥꯡꯕꯨ
ꯉꯥ 2
ꯏꯔꯣꯏꯕ
ꯃꯈꯥ
ꯑꯐꯕ ꯇꯦꯡꯛ ꯃꯔꯨꯞꯁꯤꯡ
Rummynose tetra
Corydoras
Bristlenose pleco
ꯊꯣꯏꯗꯣꯛꯎ
ꯑꯀꯅꯕ cichlids
ꯐꯤꯟ ꯆꯤꯛꯄ ꯉꥥꯁꯤꯡ

ꯃꯆꯥ ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯜ ꯊꯣꯛꯍꯟꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯋꯥꯕ

ꯃꯆꯥ ꯄꯣꯛꯍꯟꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯕ
ꯃꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ
ꯑꯃꯦꯝ-ꯑꯄꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕ
ꯑꯅꯨꯄꯥꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅ ꯐꯤꯟ ꯐꯤꯂꯥꯃꯦꯟꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯥꯡꯕ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫
ꯅꯣꯠꯁꯤꯡ
ꯊꯥꯖꯕ ꯌꯥꯕ substrate spawner; ꯃꯃꯥ-ꯃꯄꯥ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛꯅ ꯉꯥꯃꯥꯆꯥꯁꯤꯡ ꯉꯥꯛ-ꯁꯦꯟꯅꯤ꯫
ꯇꯣꯏꯅ ꯊꯣꯛꯄ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡ
Ich
Hexamita
ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯇꯦꯡꯛꯇ ꯆꯥꯟꯅꯒꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯁꯥꯏꯟ ꯏꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ AquaLog ꯅ Bolivian ram ꯕꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯕ ꯇꯦꯡꯛ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯒ — ꯚꯣꯂ꯭ꯌꯨꯝ, ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ, ꯑꯁꯥ-ꯑꯑꯦꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ pH — ꯆꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯌꯦꯡꯒꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯇꯥꯞ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇꯗ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯉꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯍꯥꯞꯆꯤꯟꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯡꯛꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯅꯕ ꯁꯥꯏꯟ ꯏꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ

ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯃꯈꯜꯁꯤꯡ